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I'm happy to Kv to zero, though it still gives a stern warning when analysing that the wall friction may not be able to be relied upon.
WALLAP SELL SOFTWARE
After looking further into WALLAP it appears that you can run the analysis with wall friction if you set the vertical acceleration to zero (this is a limitation of the software rather then a strict requirement). WALLAP lets you input both a horizontal and vertical acceleration, the seismic load case uses 'wedge stability' to compute active and passive pressures, it doesn't use M-O, you are required to manually input Ka and Kp parameters as well. Thank you for the response, I'm still having trouble with the issue (I'm a graduate marine structures engineer so my geotech knowledge is limited, and our senior geotech guys can't give me an answer on this). RE: Wall friction angle - Seismic case calky117 (Geotechnical) Haven't got a good answer for you - just compounded the question. If a thin water film developed at the contact, the friction would be lost, so maybe it isn't conservative at all to neglect it, with saturated backfill.Īt the opposite extreme would be liquefied sand with phi=0 and c=, or acting like a fluid that weighs 120 lb/ft3. (I'm home, not close to my files.) A very hasty Google search turned up this paper extending MO to be more general: It suggests that the conservatism in neglecting wall friction on the active side isn't too awfully large. I don't recall what MO does with wall friction, and it might have been set to zero in the original for simplicity back in the sliderule era. Is that what WALLAP uses? I have never seen MO done with water pressures, and I believe the original derivation was for a nonsaturated backfill. I suppose at one extreme you would have Mononobe-Okabe (basically Coulomb active pressure with horizontal acc. But it's very Christmassy and very beautiful.Interesting question. "We haven't had this much snow in quite a while," said DeWitt, a retired teacher in the area that historically receives generous helpings of snow during long winters. She and her husband, Marv, a retired state-park ranger, had stocked up on provisions the day before and planned to stay indoors. Some schools canceled classes for a second day.Ĭharlene DeWitt said yesterday afternoon that the lights were flickering at her home in Michigan's eastern Upper Peninsula, during high winds that followed about 18 inches of snow. Utility crews worked to restore power in a half-dozen states, but thousands remained without service after heavy snow and strong winds pulled down lines. Only 50 flights were canceled yesterday, and a similar number faced delays of up to two hours. "It's a big wallop of winter weather," Adam said.Īviation officials and travelers welcomed sunny skies in Chicago, where more than 500 flights were canceled at the two airports the day before. Adam said he had to snow-blow for the second time in 12 hours and take a chain saw to a downed tree before he could get out for work yesterday morning.
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In Gaylord, Mich., where Adam is based, people were digging out of what he called "concrete snow" - precipitation that was heavy, wet and hard to handle.
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It was expected to "spin its way northward through New England and into Canada" into the weekend, National Weather Service meteorologist Brian Adam said. The system was developing a second front yesterday with a mix of snow and rain in the New York City area and New Jersey. The storm, part of a system that began in the Rockies earlier in the week, was blamed for deaths in at least five states. In Michigan, a school bus carrying six children crashed into a tree that had fallen across a road in near white-out conditions. DETROIT - The first widespread snowstorm of the season weakened as it moved east yesterday, but not before it dumped more than 11/2 feet of snow in Michigan and made travel difficult in the Great Lakes region.Ī semitrailer went out of control on a bridge slick with snow, barreled down an embankment and struck a concrete barrier in Indiana, killing the driver.